Color motion-picture photography



Nov. 3 1925- 1,559,574

A. w.. CARPENTER COLOR MOTION PICTURE PHOTOGRAPHY Filed Jan. 18, 1923 2 Sheets Sheet 1 Wm) IN VEN TOR A TTORNEYS' Nov. 3 1925; 1,559,674

Ayv. CARPENTER v v COLOR MOTION PICTURE PHOTOGRAPHY Filed Jan. 18. 1925 Z ShetS-Sheet 2 El'g.]0 f J Q olo o olo 0 die onoolounumouo 00000\000W oomoo I Q 7 Arthur Malawi ATTORNEYS Patented Nov. 3, 1925.

To all whom it may cancer-2i."

UNITED-"STATES" I 'An'rnun w. cA'RrEn'rEn, or Nnw' Yo-Rir, N. Y.

qoLoR morionr' xe'ronn r o'roenArnY.

Application filedi January 1 8, 19 23-. Serial 1%. 613,405.

.Beit known that I, ARTHUR lV.' CAnrnN-" ;m, a citizen of the United States, ,and' resident of the borough-of. Bronx, in the county of Bronx, city and State of New York, have invented certain new. and 'use-' .fnl Improvements in'Color Motion-Picture Photography, jof which the following is 'a specification. '10

a It is-the purpose and objectofthis process of color photography to produce, by the I proper manipulation and photography of I colorlessobjects, or of objects which do not in themselves present the colors desired in I the final .ROSllZlVe. a COlOP GIIStItlOH negat ve -1n monochrome the various areas of which,

-- I-express'ed in intensities and'n'iixturesof the colon mediumsv used to print them, shallpresent. an untrue, and. entirely arbitrary ,.color positive record of the original ob1ects.

' In extensionfof the arbitrarynature of the colors presented by positives printed from negatives thus preparedit-is a further .object qf'this process to so manipulate the objects and the photography thereof as to:. cause the-objects to appear in-the final color.

positives enhanced by predetermined colors which werenot' presented by the original objects. 7

It is an essential to the operation of most processes of. color photography that a care.- tul quantitative relation'be maintained between the original object and the resulting negative mage, areas, andv to this end color filters or selective color screens a e yariously interposed inthe optical taking'sys'te-ms during'theexposure-of the'negati'ves. 5T0

.It is anessentl aCCOIDPllSll thlS special apparatus is usually required.

It. is a feature of this processthat no ettort is made to preserve a careful quantita-'- "tive relation between the objectand: the re-- sulting negative image areas a'nd hence the use of selective filters is dispensed with and no special apparatus is required. l to the operation of most processes of color photography that negative'emulsions of a wide and of special and predetermined color sensitivene'ss be emp1oyed, 'thereby restricting theQ-availablef emulsions. to those generally, designated as panchromatic, orthochromatic;

'and the like.

scale of tonal ,values It isa featui'eiofthis process that thetonalvalue-scale of the negative emulsion I is largelyimmaterialand color senstitiveness is not requisite so that the choice of emulsions may be :used.

In the d1--.1w1n s,,1+ig.]1 represents a drawing of a card showing a black, round spot or target, thereon Fig. '2- an ordinary photograph negative of thecard illustrated in. Fig. 1; Fig. 3a positive print from the negative shown in Fig.2, made sion film;

sions is not restricted and ordinary emul-" on an ordinary 'emul- Fig. 14 a view of the print show-n in Fig.

3, showing the photographic reproduction of the Fig. 5 a drawing similar to Fig. 1;.show

roundspotor targetcolored green;' -'T ing the round svot or target in a 'difierentf position: froint at shown .in Fig.- 1;

. F1g.--6.an ordinary of the cardillust-rated in Fig. 5f;

'- Fig. :7 a positive print from the-negative shown in Fig. 6, made on an ordinary emul sion filni; I i Fig. .8 azvie'w of'the print sho wnin Fig.

7 showing the I photographic reproductionof the ,spotortarget colored red; v

Fig. '9 a 'viewushowin the. colored-positive prints illustrated in igs. 4 and 8 super- .iniposedto form-a single structure bearing i the targets colored red and green;v I

Fig.11O illustrates a. seriesofdraw-ings having a round spotor target placed in a different position" in each drawing;

1 Fig. 11 a section of a motion picture nega-'- tive film bearing photographicreproductions 're'producof the cards shown in Fig. 10', said tions being shown in. sequence;

Fig. 12 illustrates a sen of thespots being different in position from the spots illustrated in Fig. 10;

Fig; 13 a section of a motion p1 photo raphic negative 4 es of. drawings I 4 having a round-spotor target placed in a, different positionin each drawing, and all cture negative film .bearing photographic reproductionsof the cards showninFig. '12, said reproductions being shown in sequence;

a section of a motion picture .film showing the positive prints made from the negatives illustrated in Figs.

Fig. 14.- a new of ll and 1 3 superposed and colored red and green; and L .Fig. 15 a section of a motion-picture film- 1 bearing a jse'ries of photographic reproductions of a movingzball. a 1 1 In the actual operation ofthis process any.

selected objects may be used as originals,

eithersolid objects, pictures or drawings of objects, or optically produced images of objects. Since, however, the process finds its most convenientapplication inthe photog'raphic reproduction of drawings and diagrams in two or more colors, a typical case will be first described, in whichjt is desired to produce aphotographic presentation of rectangular charts exhibiting two round negative,

spots or targets each in a separate color, one in green and the other in red.

Figs. 1 and 5 represent drawings of two cards A and B. The card A'b'ears a representation of a black, circular target A",

and the card B bears a similar representa-.

negatives 2 and 6, in which the black circles are positive photographic reproductions of the black circles illustrated in Figs. 1 and 5. These positive. reproductions may be made on separate and independent singleernuls'ion coated positive films, or they may be printed on the ordinary double-emulsion coated positive film. These positive prints are now toned or dyed for color, and any desired color may be arbitrarily selected. As illustrated, the print represented in Fig."

,4. has-been toned for green, while thejprint represented in Fig. 8 is toned red." Fig. 9

illustrates the two toned prints of Figs. *1 and, 8 superposed on a singlepositive film. If the prints 4' and 8 are made on separate films the two films are brought together and cemented in the usual. way,so that they may i be handled through the projection machine a single film. If the two prints 4 and 8 *areinade on a double-emulsion coated positive film, each print is made and toned or dyed or otherwise colored separately. The result of these: two manipulations, however, is substantially the samofas producinga single positive film bearing the targets colored. red and green. ,Such a film is adapted for of course, manifest, that anyother colors use in an ordinary motion picture projecting apparatus and the targets will be projected on the screen colored red and green. It is,

may be arbitrarily selected and that the color finally given to the object photographed bears; no necessary relation to the color of the original object. As described herein the orlgrnal drawings were black.

If desired for convenience 'orv effect the origi- -i nal drawings might be made in any selected color or colors and the final color in the positive filn'r need bear no relation whatever'to thecolor of the "original. object'photographed.

motion pictures in colors in which the motion effect is secured by means of a multiplicity of drawings, each drawing being slightly different from the other and showing a slight progress in the motion of the object photographed. In Fig. 10 is shown a series of drawings illustrating the movement of a black target from right toleft. These drawings are. for convenience, numbered 1 to 7' inclusive. It will be noted that the black target occupies a ditieren't place on each card illustrated. In Fig. 11 isshown a section of a photographic negative motion picture film bearing photographic reproductions of the seven cards illustrated in Fig. 10. The picture areas on the film are numbered 1 to 7 inclusive to correspond with the numbering of the cards illustrated in Fig. 10. The arrow in Fig. 11 illustrates the direction of motion ofthe 'negativefilm during the operation of tak ing the pictures; and the arrow in Fig. 10

shows the direction of the assumedmovement of the series of cards through the camera or the sequence in which the ca'rds are placed in the camera. When the negative film is'completed aprint of said'film is made on a positive film, either a single- This invention ises pecially applicable to emulsion coated film or on a d0uble-emul.

.sion coated film. After said positive is printed it is toned-or dyed the desiredcolor.

In Fig. 12 is shown another series of drawings illustrating the movementof a black target from right to left. These drawings are, for convenience, lettered a to f inclusive. It will'be noted that the black target occupies a difierent place on each card illustrated, and that the positions of the targets on the cards illustrated in Fig,-

12- are difi'erentfrom the positions of the tar getspn the-cards illustrated in Fig. 10. In Fig. 13 is shown a section of a photographic negative motion picture film bearing photo llll graphic reproductions of the cards illustrated in Fig. 12. The picture areas on the film are ,lettercd (t-to f inclusive to correspond with the lettering ofthe cards illuslrated in Figfilil. Thoarrow in Fig. 13

illustrates/ the direction of motion of the negative film duringgthe operation of taking the pictures and the .-.;.rrow 1n Flg; 12 shows the direction of the uissuined movement of l the series of cards thro'uglnthecamera or the sequence in which the cards are placed in the camera. When the negative film il lustrat d in Fig. 13 iscompleted a print of said film is made on a. positive film, either asingle-emulsion coated film or on a double-emulsion coated film. After said posi' tive printis'fixedand dried it is toned or dyed the desired color.

If the prints from theuegative fihnsillus done in any, of the well known dyeing or-toning.

together by cementing or otherwise to pro.-

duce a film which may be handled through the ordinary motion picture projecting machine. Ifthe two prints are madem'pon a double-emulsion coated film the two prints are toned or colored separately. In either event the completed product is a positive film substantially as illustrated in Fig. 1i; bearing two series of pictures of the'targets illustrated in Figs. a'nd 12. As illus' trated in Fig. 14. the targets shown in Fig- 10 are colored green, while. the targets illusti'ated in' Fig. 12 are .colored' red. This finally completed film may be used inthe ordinary inotion picture projecting machine and will produce. the effect of movement of red and green spots or balls; both of said.

balls moving together from right to left.

Itis', of course,'obvfous that this process maybe applied to pictures-of moving objects. In Fig. 15 .is illustrated a section of a motion picture negative film bearing a' series of pictures of a ball'moving from right to left. In this application of the process the color of the object inthe finally completed positive film may be arbitrarily select-ed and need bear no relation to the colorot the object actually photographed.

. It is manifest from the foregoing that" I provide. a very siinpleqnethod of producing motion pictures'in colors w thout the use of special photographic apparatus, in which the colors may; be arbitrarily selected and in wh ch the finalcoloring-of the positive fihn need not be a true reproduction. of the color of the original ob ect. or evena simulation thereof. I. thus "avoid difficulties inherentin the now known-methods of producing.

motion'pictiires in. colors.

It is to be understood that while the proccss is described herein as applied to a two colorscheme it may be carried out with a three color" scheme, being only necessary to make a negativeaiid a-" ii'ositive.print for.

each color. It will also be understood that the final color of the-positive prints may be 'ays by What I claim is:

1..The-method otniakiiig pictures lll 'zl plurality of colors for projection upon a viewing screen,- consistng of making a pinrality of photographic negatives by taking aseparate exposure of eachof a plurality of ,ing. a ditl'erent portion of a complete view objective views each ot-sad views represent that is to appear in the; completed picture, making a separate pos tire print from each 7 of said negatives, independently coloring each of' Said prints with a, different arbitrarily selected color, whereby that, part of each print forming a part of the picture will be distinctively colored, and s'iiperposing said prints to form a'snglepicture area upon material Tie .in ethod of' making pictures in a plurality of colors for projection "iipon a viewing. screen, consisting of making a plurality of photographic negative-shy taking a separate exposure of. each of a pluralitynf objective views each of said views representing a different portion of a complete permitting the passage of view thatis toappear in the completed-pic ture, making aseparate positive v print from;

each of said negatives, and arbitrarilytoning or coloring one of said positiveprints, all of said positive prints 'being superposed in proper register upon material permitting the passage of light to form a complete positive picture haiiinga porton thereof colored. I

3. The method of making pictures. in a plu 'ality oi 211l)1i ll11ly selected colorstoirprojection on a viewing screen consistingein, making a photographic negative ptoi'ffeachcolor said negative show ng, only that.por-..

tion of the picture intended to bear a single .said negatives all of said prints bei 'i g dcs signed to occupy a single picture the completed positive print; and arbitrarily coloring each of theprints frmrrthe-pega t veswvhcreby the completed positive print will be a plu nlity of prints from a plurality of'independent negatives each of said prints H bearing an arbitrarily selected color and allof Saidprints occupying a single picture area.

plurality of arbitrarilyselected' colors-tor. PIOJCCUOTIOD' a viewingscreen consistin-gin ture to be given a selected color,'photogrgifili-- ing each of said drawings separately to'produce an independent negativeof cacli*(lraii'-' ingz. making a positivelprint from each of 4. The method of making pictures in a 'n'iaking a drawing oi each part of tliej ifiicsaid negatives, separately toning or coloring each of said, positive prints with tlicdesired .arbitrzifly selected color. all of said positive prints being superposed to form -a' single picture area. 1;; i 5. 'lhenietliod (it making motion p 'cturcs in a plurality of arbitrarilyselectedcolors for projection on a viewing: screen consistingn making a plurality of sets of drawings .eac-l'i'set illustrating that part-" 0f the completed picture to be given selected color and the drawings of each set being varied to illustrate the'motionot'that portion of the picture,photographing each of the drawings in each set separatelygand in proper sequence to produce "an independent negative film; of each set of dravirings. said photpgraphs being properly arranged on the negative to in- -dicate on the. viewmg screen the motion of that part of the picture, making a positive print on afilm from each of said negatives, and separa ely toning or coloringeach-of saidv positive vprints with the desired Etl'bl trarily selected color, all of said diiferently coloredpositive prints being superposed with all parts of the pictures in proper, se-

quence and register to form a single positive film havinga series of complete pictures colored with a plurality of arbitrarily selectedcolors,

' 6. The method of making motion pictures in a plurality of arbitrarily selected colors for projection on a viewing screen consisting in making a plurality of sets of drawings each set illustrating that part of the completed-picture to be given a selected color and the drawings of each set being varied to illustrate the motion of that portion of the picture, photographing each of the;

drawings in each set separately and in proper sequence to produce an independent negative film of each set of drawings, said photographs being properly arranged on the negative to indicate on the viewing screen the motion of that part of the picture, making a positive print on a multi-emulsion colors.

coated film'from each of said negatives and separately toning or coloring each of said positive prints with the desired-arbitrarily selected color, all ot' said differently colored positive prints being superposed with all parts of the picture in'proper sequence and register to form a single positive film havmg a series of complete pictures colored with. ;a plurality of arbitrarily selected 7. The method of making motion pictures in'a plurality of arbitrarily selected colors tor pro ect on on a viewing screen consisting in making two sets of drawings each set illustrating that part of the completed picture to be given a selected color andthe drawings of each set-being varied .to illns-- trate the motion of that portion of-thc pic-. ture, photographing each of the drawings in each set separately and in proper sequence to produce an independent negative film of each set of drawings, said photographs be ing properly arranged on the negative to indicate on the viewing screen the motion of that part of the picture, making a positive print on a double-emulsion coated film from each of said negatives. and-separately toning or coloring each of said positive prints with the desired arbitrarily selected color, both of an id difle'rentl'y colored positive prints being superposed with all parts of the pictures in proper sequence'and register to form a single positive film having a series of complete pictures colored with two arbitrarily selected colors.

8. The method of making pictures in two arbitrarily selected colors for projection on a viewing screen consisting in making two drawings, each drawing illustrating that part of the-completed picture to be given a selected color, photographing each of the drawings separately to produce an independent negative lihn of each drawing, making a positive'print on adouble-emulsion coated support from each of said negatives and separately toning or coloring each -tratingthe motion of the object photographed, each negative showing only that portion otthe object intended to bear a single selected color whereby a, plurality of negatives iwill be taken, each negative hear ing a series of pictures illustrating the motion of the part of the object photographed and representing" an area of one color, making a positive print on a film from each of said negatives and separately toning or coloring each of said positive prints with the desired arbitrarily selected color, all of said differently colored positiveprints be ing superposed with all parts of the prints in proper sequence and register to form a single positive film having a series'of pic-v. tures of the complete object colored with a plurality of arbitrarily selected colors and adapted for projection on a viewing screen.

10. The method. of 'making pictures for projection on a viewing screen consisting of making a plurality of photographic negatives each negative showing only a portion of the picture whereby a. plurality of negatives will he made of each picture, making a separate positive print from each qt saidnegatives all of said prints being designed to occup'y'a single picture area in the completed positive print and arbitrarily coloring one of said positive print-s. all of said register to form a complete positive picture positive prints being superposed in proper having a portion thereof arbitrarily colored.

In testlmony signature. I

- AR-THUR W. CARPENTER.

whereof I hereunto afiix my 

